Q Research Project Now that you have a well edited literature review and focused literature review it is time to conduct your own portion of the research. In the next sections you will actually employ your methods to collect and analyze your data and draw conclusions from that analysis. It is time to begin writing the data collection and analysis portion, often referred to as the "I say" section. Here you will identify your methods, collect your data, and analyze it. During each part of this section you will be explaining in your essay what you are doing. The structure should be something like: 1. reintroduce methods 2. collect data 3. analyze data 4. discussion / draw conclusions *First time writing a research paper? Read Research in Political Science: An Undergraduate Guide Chapter 4 Research Design and Analysis. *Remember to ALWAYS cite your work! Any acts of plagiarism will result in a 0 for the entire assignment. Please review the Student Code of Conduct (Links to an external site.) . ________________________________________ Instructions: The first step is to remember the methods identified in your paper so far. Then use this to brainstorm what data you need to collect and how to analyze it. Continuing with our example, the methods is highlighted in yellow below from the introduction and the service aspect is underlined: Judicial nominations are one of the most important roles of the presidency. Statistically speaking two-term presidents average three nominations to the Supreme Court during their time in office. Judicial appointments determine the ideological makeup of the bench, and the nominations can potentially skew the whole court in one direction or another. The ideological composition of the bench has a very long lasting affect on judicial decision-making. As the last court of appeals the Supreme Court decisions are binding on all of the States, therefore the ideological composition of the bench is extremely important. This paper confronts the question: What are the conditions under which Presidents nominate moderate nominees to the US Supreme Court? Employing a longitudinal and comparative analysis of the last 54 supreme court nominees and their Presidents, this paper finds that during the last term in office, under divided government, and moderate identification, Presidents are more likely to nominate moderate nominees to the U.S. Supreme Court. With the help of Advocacy for Justice, I then presented the findings of this study to the Foothill community at the annual Research and Service Symposium. In this example you would be employing a longitudinal and comparative analysis, and the data to be collected would be of the last 53 supreme court nominees and their presidents. You can begin to collect the data in a table like the one below: Year President Nominee Ideological leaning & Party ID of President Ideological leaning of nominee Majority Party in Senate Divided Government Lame Duck # nominations made by the president 2018 Trump Brett Kavanaugh Republican Republican N N 2 2017 Trump Neil Gorsuch Republican Republican N N 1 2016 Obama Merrick Garland Democratic Republican Y Y 3 2010 Obama Elena Kagan Democratic Democratic N N 2 2009 Obama Sonia Sotomayor Democratic Democratic N N 1 2005 G.W. Bush Samuel Alito Republican Republican N 4 2005 G. W. Bush Harriet Miers Republican Republican N 3 2005 G. W. Bush John Roberts Republican Republican N 2 2005 G. W. Bush John Roberts Republican Republican N 1 1994 Clinton Stephen Breyer Democratic Democratic N 2 1993 Clinton Ruth Bader Ginsburg Democratic Democratic N 1 1991 G. H. Bush Clarence Thomas Republican Democratic Y 2 1990 G. H. Bush David Souter Republican Democratic Y 1 1987 Reagan Anthony Kennedy Republican Democratic Y 5 1987 Reagan Robert Bork Republican Democratic Y 4 1986 Reagan Antonin Scalia Republican Republican N 3 1986 Reagan William Rehnquist Republican Republican N 2 1981 Reagan Sandra Day O'Connor Republican Republican N 1 1975 Ford John Paul Stevens Republican Democratic Y 1 1971 Nixon William Rehnquist Republican Democratic Y 6 1971 Nixon Lewis F. Powell Jr. Republican Democratic Y 5 1970 Nixon Harry Blackmun Republican Democratic Y 4 1970 Nixon G. Harrold Carswell Republican Democratic Y 3 1969 Nixon Clement Haynsworth Republican Democratic Y 2 1969 Nixon Warren E. Burger Republican Democratic Y 1 1968 L. Johnson Homer Thornberry Democratic Democratic N 4 1968 L. Johnson Abe Fortas Democratic Democratic N 3 1967 L. Johnson Thurgood Marshall Democratic Democratic N 2 1965 L. Johnson Abe Fortas Democratic Democratic N 1 1962 Kennedy Arthur Goldberg Democratic Democratic N 2 1962 Kennedy Byron White Democratic Democratic N 1 1959 Eisenhower Potter Stewart Republican Democratic Y 6 1957 Eisenhower Charles Evans Whittaker Republican Democratic Y 5 1957 Eisenhower William J. Brennan Jr. Republican Democratic Y 4 1955 Eisenhower John Marshall Harlan II Republican Republican N 3 1954 Eisenhower John Marshall Harlan II Republican Republican N 2 1954 Eisenhower Earl Warren Republican Republican N 1 1949 Truman Sherman Minton Democratic Democratic N 4 1949 Truman Tom Clark Democratic Democratic N 3 1946 Truman Fred M. Vinson Democratic Democratic N 2 1945 Truman Harold Hits Burton Democratic Democratic N 1 1943 F. D. Roosevelt Wiley Blount Rutledge Democratic Democratic N 9 1941 F. D. Roosevelt Robert H. Jackson Democratic Democratic N 8 1941 F. D. Roosevelt James F. Byrnes Democratic Democratic N 7 1941 F. D. Roosevelt Harlan F. Stone Democratic Democratic N 6 1940 F. D. Roosevelt Frank Murphy Democratic Democratic N 5 1939 F. D. Roosevelt William O. Douglas Democratic Democratic N 4 1939 F. D. Roosevelt Felix Frankfurter Democratic Democratic N 3 1938 F. D. Roosevelt Stanley Forman Reed Democratic Democratic N 2 1937 F. D. Roosevelt Hugo Black Democratic Democratic N 1 1932 Hoover Benjamin N. Cardozo Republican Republican N 4 1930 Hoover Owen Roberts Republican Republican N 3 1930 Hoover John J. Parker Republican Republican N 2 1930 Hoover Charles Evans Hughes Republican Republican N 1 This data was easily collected from a wikipedia page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_nominations_to_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States(Links to an external site.) When collecting basic data like this it is okay to use wiki, it just does not count toward the required number of academic sources for the literature review. You must also cite all sources. • Once you have collected all of your data it is time for the analysis portion. Now you are going to analyze it using the method identified. For this example we should look down the table in a linear fashion to try and identify any trends. Then we should group and compare. Here we would make a group of moderate nominees and a group of non-moderate nominees and compare the two groups to see if there are any clear distinctions/trends between the two. • Now write about the comparison and begin to draw conclusions. This is the body of the "I say" portion of the essay. You should also see if the data you've collected either supports of negates the information you collected in your literature review. • o Finally you want to conclude the paper by discussing what/why/how/what you found. Is your thesis supported by the analysis section? If not you may need to edit it. It should be restated here in the conclusion in a manner that is supported throughout the paper. Make sure to acknowledge any potential pitfalls and or limitations of your study and avenues for future research as well. You must write all of this into your paper. Below is an example of the "I say" portion of the paper that is found in the sections "methods" , "discussion", and "conclusion".